Cane Toad
Scientific name: Rhinella marina
Large tropical toad known for its role as an invasive species in several countries.
Quick facts
- Approximate size10–23 cm
- Average weight300–1500 g
- Life expectancy10–15 years
- ActivityNocturnal
Basic information
- Home: tropical regions with ponds, canals, rice paddies and disturbed areas with available water.
- Food: invertebrates, small vertebrates and food scraps; very opportunistic.
- Sexual dimorphism: females are usually larger and bulkier than males.
- Predators: few due to toxicity; some predators learn to avoid their parotoid glands.
Life in the wild
What this species is like in its natural environment, with the climate, shelters and resources it needs.
Species overview
The cane toad is a robust amphibian whose movement outside its native range has caused significant ecological damage.
Natural habitat
Originally occupied savannas and humid forests, but now colonizes agricultural and urban areas with available water.
Behavior
Very terrestrial and opportunistic; congregates at water points to breed and disperses widely the rest of the year.
Special traits
Its toxins affect both predators and domestic pets that bite it.
Conservation and threats
In its native range shares threats with other amphibians; outside of it, it is a conservation concern due to its negative impact.
Curiosities
Striking details about this species that help better understand its biology and role in ecosystems.
- Was introduced in Australia to control agricultural pests, with disastrous consequences for local fauna.
- Its parotoid glands produce toxins that can kill inexperienced predators.
- Adapts easily to humanized environments and can reach very high densities.
- A classic example of a problematic invasive species.
Welfare profile
Summary of the most critical points if this species is kept in captivity at specialized centers.
Facilities and spaceMedium
In captivity needs spacious, clean and well-drained enclosures, with access to water.
Water, light and microclimateMedium
Not recommended where it could escape and establish in nature.
Handling and stressMedium
Handling should be done with gloves to avoid direct contact with its secretions.
Cane Toad in captivity
General information intended for professional facilities and educational projects. Not intended to encourage capture or improvised keeping of wild amphibians.
⚠️ Amphibians are particularly vulnerable to pollution, emerging diseases and improper handling. Before keeping species like this, it is essential to review local regulations and seek qualified advice.
Suitable facilities
Presence in centers should focus on education about invasive species and toxicity.
Feeding in responsible centers
- Diet is based on large invertebrates and other appropriate foods, avoiding overfeeding.
- Crickets, roaches, earthworms.
- Strict portion control.
Handling and welfare
Enclosures must be perfectly secure to prevent escapes.
Ethical message
It is preferable to prioritize native species in educational projects whenever possible.
This section has an educational purpose. Amphibian conservation involves, above all, protecting ponds, rivers, forests and wetlands, and avoiding irresponsible release of exotic species.