Freshwater Angelfish

Scientific name: Pterophyllum scalare

Type: Fish Main biome: Rivers and Wetlands Difficulty: Media

Elegant fish that needs tall, well-planted aquariums to show its full potential.

Quick facts

  • Approximate size12–15 cm length, plus fins
  • Average weight50–100 g
  • Life expectancy8–10 years (captivity)
  • ActivityDiurnal
Freshwater Angelfish
Freshwater Angelfish
Freshwater Angelfish

Basic information

  • 🏡Habitat: slow rivers and flooded areas of the Amazon basin, among roots and submerged plants.
  • 🍏Diet: invertebrates, small fish, and insects; in aquariums accepts prepared food well.
  • 👫Sexual dimorphism: subtle; mainly noticeable by forehead shape and behavior during breeding season.
  • 🐾Predators: larger fish and common predators of flooded areas.

Life in the wild

How this species lives in its natural environment, with the waters, shelters and resources it needs.

Species overview

The angelfish is an emblematic cichlid of calm Amazonian waters and a classic of planted aquariums.

Natural habitat

It prefers areas of slow waters, with vertical structures such as roots and plant stems.

Behavior

It forms hierarchical groups; pairs defend specific areas during reproduction.

Special features

Its tall silhouette and long fins give it a striking appearance, but make it vulnerable to nips from more aggressive fish.

Conservation and threats

Much of the trade comes from captive breeding; conservation focuses on protecting Amazonian wetlands.

Curiosities

Striking details about this species that help better understand its biology and role in aquatic ecosystems.

  • 🌊Its tall body allows it to maneuver among narrow plants and roots.
  • It can form stable pairs that care for eggs and fry.
  • 🔎In small aquariums it can become aggressive with very small fish like neons.
  • 🧭It is highly appreciated as a "protagonist" fish in large community aquariums.

Welfare profile

Summary of the most critical points if this species is kept in aquariums, ponds or specialized facilities.

Space and facilitiesHigh

It needs tall aquariums with space to swim and take refuge among plants.

Water quality and parametersMedium

It is not ideal to mix it with very small or very aggressive fish.

Handling and stressMedium

It requires stable and well-filtered water; ammonia or nitrite spikes affect it quickly.

Freshwater Angelfish in captivity

General information aimed at professional facilities, public aquariums and educational projects. It does not intend to promote capture or impulsive keeping of aquatic fauna.

⚠️ Before keeping fish like this species, it is essential to review local regulations, ensure adequate facilities and minimize impact on wild populations.

Suitable facilities

Suitable for facilities that can offer good-sized aquariums and compatible groups.

Feeding in responsible centers

The diet should be varied, with quality dry food and frozen or live supplements.

Handling and welfare

Educational projects can use it to talk about cichlids and parental care in fish.

Ethical message

It is important to avoid random species mixes that cause stress or predation among tankmates.

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