Fire Salamander
Scientific name: Salamandra salamandra
Black urodele with yellow spots, associated with humid European forests.
Quick facts
- Approximate size15–25 cm
- Average weight20–50 g
- Life expectancy20–30 years
- ActivityNocturnal
Basic information
- Home: deciduous and mixed forests, with nearby streams and clean water sources.
- Food: terrestrial invertebrates such as earthworms, slugs, insects and spiders.
- Sexual dimorphism: females slightly more robust and with a more swollen cloaca during breeding season.
- Predators: birds, mammals and reptiles; their skin toxins offer some protection.
Life in the wild
What this species is like in its natural environment, with the climate, shelters and resources it needs.
Species overview
The fire salamander is one of the most well-known urodeles in Europe and a good indicator of healthy humid forests.
Natural habitat
Needs humid soils, abundant shelters and clean water courses to develop its larvae.
Behavior
Solitary outside of reproduction, moves slowly and shows great fidelity to its shelters.
Special traits
Its parotoid and skin glands secrete irritating and toxic substances.
Conservation and threats
Forest fragmentation, road kills and emerging diseases are growing concerns.
Curiosities
Striking details about this species that help better understand its biology and role in ecosystems.
- Does not lay eggs in water, but usually gives birth to already formed larvae in streams.
- Its black and yellow colors warn of its toxicity.
- Spends the day hidden and emerges on humid and rainy nights.
- A symbol of mature and well-preserved European forests.
Welfare profile
Summary of the most critical points if this species is kept in captivity at specialized centers.
Facilities and spaceMedium
In captivity requires cool and humid terrariums, with abundant shelters and humid but not waterlogged substrate.
Water, light and microclimateHigh
Temperature should be kept moderate; does not tolerate heat well.
Handling and stressMedium
Not an animal to handle frequently due to its toxins and sensitive skin.
Fire Salamander in captivity
General information intended for professional facilities and educational projects. Not intended to encourage capture or improvised keeping of wild amphibians.
⚠️ Amphibians are particularly vulnerable to pollution, emerging diseases and improper handling. Before keeping species like this, it is essential to review local regulations and seek qualified advice.
Suitable facilities
Can be kept in centers and by advanced hobbyists, prioritizing captive-bred specimens.
Feeding in responsible centers
- Diet includes varied invertebrates adapted to the animal's size.
- Earthworms, slugs, small crickets.
- Occasional calcium supplementation.
Handling and welfare
The terrarium should allow drier and more humid areas for the animal to choose.
Ethical message
An excellent species for educating about forests, clean water and local biodiversity.
This section has an educational purpose. Amphibian conservation involves, above all, protecting ponds, rivers, forests and wetlands, and avoiding irresponsible release of exotic species.