Guppy
Scientific name: Poecilia reticulata
Hardy livebearer that adapts to many well-kept community aquariums.
Quick facts
- Approximate size3–6 cm
- Average weight2–4 g
- Life expectancy2–3 years (captivity)
- ActivityDiurnal
Basic information
- Habitat: streams, canals, and lagoons of tropical America; introduced in many countries.
- Diet: omnivorous; consumes microinvertebrates, algae, and prepared food in flakes or fine granules.
- Sexual dimorphism: very marked; females are larger and more discreet, males display large and colorful tails.
- Predators: larger fish, birds, and other vertebrates; in aquariums, fry can be devoured by adults.
Life in the wild
How this species lives in its natural environment, with the waters, shelters and resources it needs.
Species overview
The guppy is a classic aquarium fish due to its hardiness, ease of breeding, and active behavior.
Natural habitat
It prefers temperate waters with some current and vegetation, both in slow rivers and in canals and ponds.
Behavior
It is very active, forms loose groups, and males constantly court females.
Special features
Its rapid life cycle and ease of breeding make it an interesting model for evolution and behavior studies.
Conservation and threats
Although not globally threatened, the introduction of guppies can affect fragile local faunas.
Curiosities
Striking details about this species that help better understand its biology and role in aquatic ecosystems.
- It is viviparous: females give birth to fully formed fry, they do not lay eggs.
- It has been used to control mosquito larvae in some places.
- There are many breeding lines selected for color and tail shape.
- It can hybridize with other species of the genus Poecilia in captivity.
Welfare profile
Summary of the most critical points if this species is kept in aquariums, ponds or specialized facilities.
Space and facilitiesMedium
In community aquariums it needs stable, well-filtered water with some space to swim.
Water quality and parametersMedium
Overpopulation from continuous breeding can generate stress and water quality problems.
Handling and stressLow
It tolerates human presence quite well, but constant capture with nets stresses it.
Guppy in captivity
General information aimed at professional facilities, public aquariums and educational projects. It does not intend to promote capture or impulsive keeping of aquatic fauna.
⚠️ Before keeping fish like this species, it is essential to review local regulations, ensure adequate facilities and minimize impact on wild populations.
Suitable facilities
It is an ideal fish for beginners, as long as overpopulation and mixing with aggressive species are avoided.
Feeding in responsible centers
The diet is based on quality dry food supplemented with live or frozen prey.
Handling and welfare
Dense vegetation allows fry to find refuge and reduces predation by adults.
Ethical message
It is important to educate about the impact of releasing guppies into springs, rivers, or natural ponds.
Many aquatic species suffer from massive captures, uncontrolled trade and irresponsible releases. The priority should always be to protect rivers, lakes and seas, reduce pollution and consume seafood responsibly.